A Pained Life: Can They Feel What We Feel?

By Carol Levy

How many times have I seen a post or comment in a chronic pain support group that read: “I wish the doctor (or my family, colleagues, friends) could go through this to really understand how I feel.”

I also wish they could, but is there any way such a thing could be accomplished?

Then I read about a course at a Japanese medical school, in which students pretended to be patients and were hospitalized for two days and one night. Students learned firsthand the stress, anxiety and loss of control that comes with being a hospital patient — like being poked and prodded, being told when to sleep, when it was time to get an x-ray, to have blood taken or bandages changed.

Students also observed “the distress of other inpatients” and the “psychological pressure” they felt from physicians. This was meant to enhance their empathy skills and to further their professional development.

It sounds like a good idea. But it's not reality.

Maybe in some form, the course replicates Philip Zimdardo's 1971 prison experiment, in which Stanford students were assigned to be prisoners or guards in a simulated prison. The study was meant to focus on the power of roles and rules, but was ended early because of the behavior that emerged in both groups.

Very quickly the students who were “guards” acted like guards by asserting their control and abusing their power. And many of the “prisoners” acted like prisoners, showing signs of distress from the powerlessness that comes from being ruled by guards

Our pain can also make us feel powerless, especially when it comes to treatment and getting the medications that we need. In that regard, we are indeed powerless. The doctors and pharmacists have all the power.

When we are hospitalized, it often intensifies that feeling of powerlessness. We are “imprisoned” in the hospital and not allowed to leave until someone in power gives us permission. We are in the hands of people who decide what we can do, where we can go, and if our cries of pain will be attended to or not.

They may be called doctors or nurses, but in a very true sense they are guards. Our freedom and health in are in their hands.

Is there really a way to replicate for others how we feel, what we go through?

In a promo for the new TV series “Brilliant Minds,” Dr. Wolf, the main character, says he wants to know what his patients are feeling, so he can feel it himself.

My first thought was that would be great if it was doable. But then I thought about it more deeply. There is no way it could work. A doctor can go into the hospital as a pretend patient, even allow himself to have medically induced pain, but they will always know it is just an experiment. Their pain will end, they can go home when they want, and they will feel fine.

It would make life so much easier for us if others could feel our pain. Absent compassion and empathy, I don't see how it is possible.

Carol Jay Levy has lived with trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic facial pain disorder, for over 30 years. She is the author of “A Pained Life, A Chronic Pain Journey.”  Carol is the moderator of the Facebook support group “Women in Pain Awareness.” Her blog “The Pained Life” can be found here. 

Is Your Doctor a Good Listener?

By Carol Levy, PNN Columnist

Many of us have had doctors that we loved. They not only listened, but actually heard us. They gave us their time, attention, and cared -- not only about us, but doing the best they could for us.

They truly follow the intent of the Hippocratic Oath: primum non nocere, or “first, do no harm.”

Then there are the doctors who don't care, and don't even seem to care that we know they don't care. They are quick with us. They don't listen or hear. They have their theories. The facts that we give them about how the pain feels, where it is, etc. make no difference.

I went to a new neurologist. She was very nice, but ignored my pain from trigeminal neuralgia and my long history of surgeries and medications. She decided my issue was “anxiety,” which I never said I had.

She repeatedly asked, “Is your problem anxiety?” I shook my head “no” to answer the question and to show my frustration with her for asking it.

Nevertheless, at the end of the appointment, she asked, “Do you want me to prescribe something for your anxiety?”

Primum non nocere? No. She didn't do harm, but she sure as heck didn't help.

Dr. Norton, my neuro-ophthalmologist, didn't seem to care either, at first. He gave me short shrift by rudely saying, “Stop being so schizophrenic in how you're telling me about your pain.”

Because I was so afraid and worried, I gave him the details in scattershot form, instead of chronological and neatly. After two appointments, he finally understood my pain was real. Suddenly, he cared! The change in him was almost palpable. His words were supportive. He worked to give me hope.

When I first went to the hospital for a pain flare, I was overwhelmed by it. It was spontaneous and constant.  My only hope was that Dr. Norton could stop it.

“Is this ever going to go away?” I asked, my voice tremulous with pain and worry.

“Let me worry about that,” he said. “That's my job.”

His words were a verbal hug. Primum non nocere. He cared about me and would make sure I suffered no further harm. I felt like I was being helped.

Dr. Norton was the face of the caring doctor, the one who follows the oath, who puts his patient first. And that makes all the difference.

As for the doctor who wanted me to say I had anxiety, I canceled my next appointment with her. She was the second neurologist I had seen.  The first was also entrenched in his theories and didn't care about me or the facts.

I was concerned about consulting with a third doctor, fearful I would be accused of "doctor shopping.” I asked my nurse practitioner, “Do you think seeing another neurologist will be an issue?" She shook her head no.

"You have valid reasons for not wanting to stay with them. You need to find someone who will listen to you and deal with the pain," she told me.

And she was right.  I needed another doctor, a doctor like Dr. Norton, (who moved out of state). I need a doctor who works with me, not against me.  Who truly practices primum non nocere.

And that should be the goal for all of us.

Carol Jay Levy has lived with trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic facial pain disorder, for over 30 years. She is the author of “A Pained Life, A Chronic Pain Journey.”  Carol is the moderator of the Facebook support group “Women in Pain Awareness.” Her blog “The Pained Life” can be found here. 

What Doctors Should Ask Patients in Pain

By Carol Levy, PNN Columnist

I learned in childhood to keep my mouth shut if I had pain or was feeling sick. My siblings would say, "Stop your whining. Just go to your room if you're feeling so bad, so we don't have to hear about it!"

I learned to say nothing, no matter how bad I felt.

That is how I still handle it today. When I see a doctor about my trigeminal neuralgia pain or some other pain, they’ll often say, “Your pain can't be as bad as you say. You don't act like you're in pain.”

I was at the neurosurgeon's office. One of his residents wanted to touch the left side of my face and I wasn't sure why. Maybe to see what I would do? He knew any touch to the affected area would set off horrible, terrible pain.

“Are you ready?” he asked before touching me. His finger hit the mark and I instinctively jumped back, but didn't make a sound. The resident looked at me; like he was waiting for a cry, scream, wail, or any normal vocalization of pain. Instead, I was silent.

“Are you okay?” he asked, somewhat warily. He didn't realize I was literally unable to answer. My childhood lesson not to speak about pain had morphed into mute silence as an adult. I was speechless; my larynx unable to produce a sound.

I cleared my throat a few times in an effort to speak, while raising a finger in the universal sign of “wait.” After a few minutes, I was finally able to speak, but my words would not come out clearly.  Once triggered, the pain takes its own sweet time before it settles down.

My words were interspersed with more throat-clearing: “I can't, hahahem, speak when the, hahahem, pain is triggered.” 

Others who have chronic pain usually say the opposite: “When a doctor sets off my pain or I am in pain, I have no choice. I scream, I cry or I curse. I make faces and grimace.”

It is an automatic response. And often the doctor's reply in words or facial expression is, ”I don't believe this act you're putting on."

So what's a pain patient to do? What's a doctor to do?

For us, it's simple. If the doctor says, “It really isn't necessary to be so loud and to use profanity, or to wail and scream. In fact, it makes me think you're being overly dramatic.”

We need to reply in a way that says, “Doctor, this is what I do to express my pain. It may be unusual to you, too loud, or too unpleasant. But it is the only way I know how to express it.”

The doctor on the other hand? He doesn't know unless he asks a key question: “How do you let others know if you are in pain or what your level of pain is? Do you express it by crying or with grimaces? Or do you become silent?”

It comes down to one of my favorite sayings: You don't know what you don't know. And if you don't know what you don't know, you don't know what to ask. Our doctors need to ask.

Carol Jay Levy has lived with trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic facial pain disorder, for over 30 years. She is the author of “A Pained Life, A Chronic Pain Journey.”  Carol is the moderator of the Facebook support group “Women in Pain Awareness.” Her blog “The Pained Life” can be found here.

The Fading Power of the White Coat

By Carol Levy, PNN Columnist

I wrote a column in 2018 about the arrogance and poor listening skills of some doctors ("Tyranny of the White Coat”). I ended it with these words: It’s a sad state of affairs when you take a liking to a doctor because they took the rare action of actually listening, hearing and respecting their patient.”

Most physicians see the exam room as a teeter-totter; the doctor sitting high up on one side and the patient below them on the ground. That is often still the case, but I notice when I go to blogs written by doctors (such as KevinMD), that they often write about the loss of respect they find almost everywhere.

Doctors no longer have the “power of the white coat.” In public settings such as hospitals and restaurants, the staff no longer looks at them in awe or bow down to their titles: “Yes doctor, your table is waiting for you.”

I understand the sadness from losing status as the top gun, but I thought most doctors went into medicine to help their patients, not for the superiority their degree gives them. I thought the work they put in at medical school was to learn their craft, not to use as a banner of privilege: “I spent years in school and had to work very, very hard to get where I am. Therefore, I deserve to be looked at as superior.”  

I also go to blogs written by patients, many with chronic pain, and I read the opposite: “How dare these 'doctors' think they're so much better than me? I shouldn't have to be obeisant to them, yet that's what they want from me.”

What if we didn't have the hierarchy of the exam room? What if we were able to come together as patients and doctors, to have a round table or focus group where we could talk freely? How educational that would be, for both sides.

We could then look at doctors as our equals and they could see us in the same way -- not someone to be talked down to. Too many doctors seem to believe we are uninformed, misinformed or just ignorant, and need to be spoken to like a 12-year-old.

We might then see the doctor as a person, someone with more knowledge and experience with our diseases and disorders. Someone who can be a helper, not a protagonist. We could then see them as teachers, which in many ways they are.

What a great appointment that would be. We’d smile at each other and see one another as human.

Carol Jay Levy has lived with trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic facial pain disorder, for over 30 years. She is the author of “A Pained Life, A Chronic Pain Journey.”  Carol is the moderator of the Facebook support group “Women in Pain Awareness.” Her blog “The Pained Life” can be found here.

Chatbot ‘Doctor’ Preferred Over Real Ones

By Crystal Lindell, PNN Columnist

Would you rather get your medical advice from a human physician or a chatbot powered by artificial intelligence?

According to an unusual study recently published in JAMA, you’d be better off listening to the chatbot, which gave advice that was rated significantly better both in quality and empathy.  

A team of researchers asked the chatbot -- called ChatGPT – 195 hypothetical questions a patient might ask that were posted online in a Reddit forum called "Ask a Doctor."  A team of healthcare providers then compared the chatbot’s responses to those posted by actual physicians in the same forum.

The responses from ChatGPT were the clear winners. The evaluators preferred the chatbot responses over the physicians’ answers about 79% of the time. The average rating for the chatbot was "better than good," while the physicians overall were given a lackluster grade of "acceptable response."

The evaluators also gave the ChatGPT high marks for empathy, while the physicians’ responses were rated as only “slightly empathetic.”

One of the hypothetical questions involved a patient who accidentally swallowed a toothpick and wanted to know if they were at risk of dying. Here’s how the chatbot and a physician responded:

Physician Response:

If you've surpassed 2-6 (hours), chances are they've passed into your intestines. Which means it can't be retrieved easily.

Many people can swallow razorblades and toothpicks without issues. In case you develop stomach ache, then don't hesitate seeking out an emergency room, and remember to point out the swallowed tooth pick. For now, they won't be doing much.

Chatbot Response:

It's natural to be concerned if you have ingested a foreign object, but in this case, it is highly unlikely that the toothpick you swallowed will cause you any serious harm.

Toothpicks are made of wood, which is not toxic and will not cause poisoning. However, it is possible for a toothpick to cause injury if it becomes stuck in the throat or if it punctures the digestive tract. However, this is unlikely to happen with a dull, cooked toothpick that is only 2 cm long.

If you are experiencing any discomfort or symptoms such as abdominal pain, difficulty swallowing, or vomiting, it is important to contact a healthcare provider for further evaluation. However, if you are not experiencing any symptoms, it is safe to assume that the toothpick has passed through your digestive system, and you do not need to be concerned.

It's always a good idea to be cautious when consuming food and to remove any foreign objects before eating. It's understandable that you may be feeling paranoid, but try not to worry too much. It is highly unlikely that the toothpick will cause you any serious harm.

Which answer would you rather get as a patient? The evaluators preferred the chatbot’s response to the toothpick question, as they did for other questions about a head injury, a lump possibly being cancerous, and if getting bleach in your eye might cause blindness. The chatbot response to those questions also got high scores for empathy.

As a chronic pain patient, I have to admit I felt a little smug when I first saw the headlines about this research. My initial thought was, of course, the chatbot was more empathetic than the doctors! Doctors are often mean, rude and dismissive. I even wrote a column about using a weird trick to manage their egos.

Is this the beginning of the end for human doctors? The short answer is: No. This was a very narrow study with a number of limitations. The authors said they were only trying to look into the possibility of physicians using artificial intelligence (AI) to essentially ghostwrite responses to patients.  

“Chatbots could assist clinicians when messaging with patients, by drafting a message based on a patient’s query for physicians or support staff to edit,” they said. “Such an AI-assisted approach could unlock untapped productivity so that clinical staff can use the time-savings for more complex tasks, resulting in more consistent responses and helping staff improve their overall communication skills by reviewing and modifying AI-written drafts.”

The possibilities for using AI in medical settings are only just emerging, and it could radically change how we think of healthcare and how doctors think of us.

One thing that might improve is how doctors and patients communicate. I know doctors are capable of giving more empathetic answers on their own. The problem is, in the United States at least, they usually just don’t have the time to do so. If AI can help, we should let it.  

However, it should be noted that several authors of the study, which was led by researchers at the University of California San Diego, disclosed ties to the artificial intelligence industry, which means they may financially benefit from any attempts to sell AI to medical professionals.

Also, as the researchers acknowledge, the study doesn’t prove that chatbots are better doctors than actual doctors, just that their answers were better. Physicians would likely respond to medical questions differently in an office setting, as opposed to an online post.

Researchers also did not assess the chatbot responses for accuracy — which is a pretty big deal when it comes to medical care. It’s one thing to write an empathetic reply, it’s another to correctly diagnose and decide on a treatment.

That said, when comparing the various responses, the chatbot did seem to give similar advice as the doctors, which makes me think they were mostly accurate. That may not sound great, but consider how often doctors are wrong. Medical errors are one the leading causes of death in the U.S.

AI technology is rapidly improving, and it’s impossible to predict what it will be capable of in the coming years. But I do believe it’s going to radically change many aspects of our lives, including healthcare. Hopefully, it makes it better. But at this point, I’ll settle for not making it worse.  

Crystal Lindell is a freelance writer who lives in Illinois. After five years of unexplained rib pain, Crystal was finally diagnosed with hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. She and her fiancé have 3 cats: Princess Dee, Basil, and Goose. She enjoys the Marvel Cinematic Universe, Taylor Swift Easter eggs, and playing the daily word game Semantle. 

The High Price of Being Your Own Advocate

By Cynthia Toussaint, PNN Columnist

I’ve always encouraged women in pain to be strong advocates for their care. But after decades of pushbacks and harassment from the medical community for doing just that, I’m starting to question whether self-advocating does more harm than good.

The U.S. healthcare system is flat-out busted because it revolves around making money rather than making people well. The “standard of care” model of medicine is tried and true as profit generating, while it cloaks itself in the deceit of what’s in the patient’s best interest.

While individualized “patient-centered care” is often touted, and makes great buzzwords for marketing material, whenever I elect something out of the norm, my healthcare providers harass and bully me to return to their cookie-cutter model. When I don’t comply, my “care” gets ugly, causing me physical and emotional harm.  

I’ve bucked up against this thuggery for 39 years, the first 20 fighting an HMO. That was the trust breaker for me. After escaping that illness-provoking gulag, I felt certain that at last my care choices would be respected. I was wrong.

While a fresh pain management doctor initially helped, he soon pushed hard for interventions that I instinctively knew weren’t right for me. When I repeatedly said no to prescription fentanyl, ketamine infusions, two spinal cord stimulators and an intrathecal pump, this MD often called to bawl me out before slamming down the phone. For a time I put up with his tantrums because he was the first doctor who validated my Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) diagnosis. But at last, my health couldn’t take his abuse and I cut this jackal loose.   

Cancer Diagnosis    

It gets worse. Twenty-two years ago, when I was first diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (aka, “Stage Zero” breast cancer), my oncologist told me I had three months to live if I didn’t undergo surgery, chemotherapy and radiation.

Because my CRPS was a ginormous complication and to me the treatment didn’t match the diagnosis, I chose to “wait and watch.” That doctor was irate, even calling my home to press me into “life-preserving” treatment. Perhaps worse, he never celebrated the reality that my “cancer” ultimately came to nothing. Over the years, I’ve watched ductal carcinoma become a controversial diagnosis because of the over-treatment associated with it. Wow, I was almost a statistic.

In 2019, when I was diagnosed (in the other breast) with real cancer, stage 2 triple-negative, my first thought was, “God, please no, please, please, don’t make me wrangle with the western healthcare system again!”

In short order, I learned that cancer treatment is the mother of all standard of care, and in this do-or-die arena, you don’t ask questions. You say, “Thank you, sir. May I have another?” Problem is, that memo, now and forever, means nothing to me.

Naturally, I was threatened with impending death during the six months I carefully researched and considered treatment (my tumor actually shrunk during that time.) Then, after being a “super responder” to chemo, I turned down the standard-of-care follow up surgery. My tumor was gone, confirmed by imaging, and all studies showed that I had a better chance of survival without going under the knife.

I guess it won’t come as a surprise that every oncologist who crossed my path at that time said my choice was foolhardy, even madness, then chased that declaration with another death threat.

Boy oh boy, do I pay for sticking up for me. Since then, with every scan, they find a new “concern,” be it a shadow on an image or a thickening lymph node. One imaging doctor told me straight up that my cancer had returned and they expected me to jump back into their treatment assembly line.

I was this close to being spooked into that unnecessary surgery which, due to my CRPS, would likely have destroyed my life. Thank god a colleague questioned why they hadn’t done full scans to see if the cancer had spread first, stopping me in my tracks. Lo and behold, those scans were negative for any and all cancer. No matter. My doctors insisted on the operation, denying me a second opinion, the reason given, “Whether you have a malignancy or not, you have to do surgery.” I arranged for a second opinion at another hospital that confirmed I was cancer-free. Hallelujah!

During this hellish time, I paid the advocacy price in a new, heartbreaking way. I had a 15-year internist who I trusted with my life. In fact, she guided and supported me through all of my cancer treatment decisions. She alone respected the dangers of CRPS and recommended “de-escalation” from unnecessary treatment whenever possible.

The system didn’t like her interference though, and applied pressure. She dropped me as her patient when I needed her most. That was eight months ago, and I’m still working with a therapist, using guided imagery, hypnosis and EMDR therapy (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing), to unravel the trauma of that betrayal.

No Regrets

Despite it all, I move forward.      

Decades into CRPS and a year and a half out of cancer, I’m surprisingly feeling tip-top. That is, until it’s imaging time when the pummeling takes an exhausting toll. My pain and IBS flare, I hyperventilate, stop sleeping, my body gets tight and I have anxiety attacks. I don’t dread the cancer coming back (make no mistake, that fear is REALLY bad) as much as I dread the doctors new “concern” and the ongoing communiques that keep me in a place of anger, resentment and un-wellness.

Reflecting on my chosen role as a self-advocate, I still think the pros outweigh the cons for women in pain. We need to be in control of our treatment choices, whether they’re bucking the trend or going with the flow. And just as important, we need to be ready to walk away from an uncomfortable care situation.

Despite my self-advocacy nightmares, I have no regrets. I continue to make the best choices for me in this dysfunctional, profit-driven healthcare system. Still, I yearn for their support. I wish they’d care about and root for me. I wish they’d celebrate my good health. Mostly, I wish they’d stop harming me.

As I talk with other women angry about past cancer treatment they were coerced into, many who now deal with chronic pain as a result, I’m emboldened to continue speaking out about our fear-based model of over-treatment. My heart aches for them and for those who will come.

Fear and pressure should never drive our care decisions. The way I see it, the biggest mistake we women in pain can make is to sit on the sidelines of care and not do our job as advocates. If we hand our power over to the healthcare professionals and the systems that lord over them, we’re doomed.

The cost of compliance and victimhood is too damn high.                      

Cynthia Toussaint is the founder and spokesperson at For Grace, a non-profit dedicated to bettering the lives of women in pain. She has lived with CRPS and 19 co-morbidities for nearly four decades, and became a cancer survivor in 2020. Cynthia is the author of “Battle for Grace: A Memoir of Pain, Redemption and Impossible Love.”

Have You Been Labeled a 'Difficult' Patient?

By Ann Marie Gaudon, PNN Columnist  

We’re all aware of doctors labeling a patient as “difficult” or some other derogatory term. There are even entire categories set up for these “heartsink” patients, who behave in ways that doctors consider dependent, entitled, manipulative or even self-destructive.

Imagine if doctors moved the conversation away from “difficult patient” to “difficult doctor-patient interactions” by taking a closer look at behaviour patterns that can occur in their relationships with patients.

Let’s start at the beginning – literally — by studying interactions between infants and their caregivers. “Attachment Theory” was first developed by the English psychologist, psychiatrist and psychoanalyst John Bowlby.  He proposed that infants have a biological drive to seek nurture and closeness to their primary caregivers. How the caregiver attunes to that baby will actually shape how the infant’s brain develops. Ultimately, our adult selves are influenced by these layers of memory and how we adapted to that care.

There are four main “Attachment Styles” seen in adults, according to Bowlby and psychologist Mary Ainsworth. How do these four styles play out in the doctor’s office? Do you see yourself in any of them?

1) Secure Patient

  • Is often trusting, comfortable seeking help and values advice

  • Doctor feels sympathetic to patient’s needs and confident that advice will be followed

  • Successful outcomes are maximized with this relationship

2) Avoidant/Dismissive Patient

  • Is often distant and does not trust the doctor; may miss appointments

  • Displays a lack of engagement; may minimize symptoms and dismiss need for treatment

  • Doctor may become frustrated with patient saying “I can’t” or “It’s not really that bad”

  • May increasingly withdraw from care; denial of problems and emotions

  • Patient may be in crisis when their hyper self-reliance strategy begins to fail

3) Ambivalent/Anxious Patient

  • Has little trust in ability of self and others; expects rejection; can be highly emotionally reactive

  • Doctor may feel confused by patient’s alternating avoiding and approaching; being unpredictable

  • Doctor may get upset with inconsistency of behaviour, especially if patient pulls away when help is offered

  • Patient anxiety increases, depression may also appear; may withdraw and miss appointments or leave in the middle of one

4) Disorganized Patient

  • Little trust in others; cognitive ability becomes disorganized when stressed

  • May be fearful of doctor and treatment; may be triggered by earlier traumas

  • Doctor may become fearful for patient and inability to contain patient’s overwhelming emotions

  • Doctor may feel like a failure and try harder

  • Overwhelming complexity of patient’s problems can fragment clinical teams

  • Patient and doctor may reinforce feelings of being overwhelmed and loss of control of the situation

  • Care may be chaotic, ineffective; mental health crisis may prevail

If physicians were familiar with Attachment Theory and the style for each patient, they could tailor their approach to best serve the patient. Predicting and planning for possible poor outcomes could benefit with a reduction in negative experiences for both patient and physician.

Shifting away from “difficult patient” attitudes and pejoratives toward “Attachment-Based Care” would be a shift away from what is unproductive and a move toward helpful and effective treatment approaches.

Patients with an Avoidant Attachment Style could be provided a predictable treatment framework (no surprises) and information that is clear and not emotionally challenging. These patients can help themselves by being honest with the physician if they are not happy with their care. Keeping a journal and using internet-based telehealth may also be beneficial for the patient to use.

Patients with an Ambivalent/Anxious Attachment Style could be encouraged to build self-confidence to increase their ability to tolerate anxiety and uncertainty. Scheduling regular appointments to avoid the patient feeling it is necessary to magnify symptoms to receive care is another strategy. Being consistent and clear will also help to decrease anxiety. If these patients can learn to regulate their emotions, this will go a very long way in clinical interaction benefits. Regular exercise and mindfulness techniques will also help. A therapist will almost certainly be required.

A physician being aware that patients with a Disorganized Attachment Style are often inconsistent in attending appointments and show ambivalence in decision-making will allow the professional to plan ahead and pull in a support person if they feel overwhelmed. The seriousness of this patient in a stressed state must be understood and supported, as anger and decompensation are common. For this patient, a patient advocate may be very beneficial as well as a management plan that all can collaborate on.

Attachment Styles are influential in all areas of life and important determinants of therapeutic interactions and relationships. Using an Attachment-Based Care approach would provide a framework to understand these interactions and how best to serve the needs of patients.

In an ideal world, all non-securely attached patients as well as non-securely attached physicians would explore their maladaptive strategies with a trained therapist to help move them toward a Secure Attachment Style that has less suffering and psychologically flexible strategies for living. Until that time, let’s stop the name-calling and work toward compassionate care for all patients.

Ann Marie Gaudon is a registered social worker and psychotherapist in the Waterloo region of Ontario, Canada with a specialty in chronic pain management.  She has been a chronic pain patient for over 30 years and works part-time as her health allows. For more information about Ann Marie's counseling services, visit her website. 

A Pained Life: Tyranny of the White Coat

By Carol Levy, PNN Columnist

I saw a new neurologist this past week. He was a lovely man. Unfortunately, I was referred to him in error. He does not treat trigeminal neuralgia, so this was the first and last time I would see him.

That saddened me. Not only because I really took a liking to him, but because he did some things I have seen far too rarely.

He started our appointment by saying, “I have read your history.” Not only that, he had tried to contact my neurosurgeon to find out why I had been referred to him, since he did not treat facial pain. He had gone to the trouble to prepare for the meeting despite knowing he was not the right specialist for me.

Like many doctors, he dictated his notes into a recording device while we were together. From what he said, it was obvious he had read my history and recalled much of it. I was amazed when he would stop and correct himself.

Even more surprising was when he got something wrong and I shook my finger to signal “No.” Immediately he stopped and asked, “What did I get wrong?”

I’d explain the pain was on the left side of my face, not the right, and in the upper part, not lower. He listened and corrected his notes.

Usually most of the docs who do this dictation, ostensibly to make sure they get the information right and have me there to confirm, do not care if what they say is wrong. In fact, my main experience has been docs who say patently wrong information.

For them, I would hold up my finger, shake my head and mouth the words, “That’s wrong.” Invariably, the doctors would shake their heads and silence me with a “Shhhh.” No effort is made to correct or even ask what is wrong with their notes. As a result, the wrong information stays on the record and subsequent docs then approach us with preconceived ideas about things that are not true.

The last pain management doctor I saw decided I had had a history of major depression. He did not ask if I had a psychiatric history or diagnosis but decided this on his own. He did not dictate his notes while I was with him, but I saw it when I went onto the online portal where after-visit summaries are posted.

I thought he must have gotten confused. When he asked me about my family history, I had mentioned a relative who had a diagnosis of depression.

At the next appointment, I asked him to change the record. ““That is not my history,” I said. “You must have been thinking about my relative.” He seemed to agree -- and yet that “history” remains on my official record.

Is it an arrogance that too many docs develop? Is it a hardness, where the patient is almost irrelevant to the entire process? Is it because the patient is not a “professional,” so they can't be trusted even when it is their own history they are giving?

I don't know. I do know that it’s a sad state of affairs when you take a liking to a doctor because they took the rare action of actually listening, hearing and respecting you.

Carol Jay Levy has lived with trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic facial pain disorder, for over 30 years. She is the author of “A Pained Life, A Chronic Pain Journey.” 

Carol is the moderator of the Facebook support group “Women in Pain Awareness.” Her blog “The Pained Life” can be found here.

The information in this column should not be considered as professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It is for informational purposes only and represent the author’s opinions alone. It does not inherently express or reflect the views, opinions and/or positions of Pain News Network.

A Pained Life: Being Your Own Advocate

By Carol Levy, PNN Columnist

I was reading an article about a woman with cancer.  She tells how harrowing a journey it has been and all she has been through.

To help herself and her doctors, she carries to each appointment a thick medical file with all her information: doctors notes, tests results, surgeries, treatments, procedures, medications and the outcomes of them all.

“Doctors see this and they respect me,” she says. “I've learned that you have to be super organized. You have to be your own advocate.”

Good for her.

When I see a new doctor, I hand the nurse or doctor a two page printout that details my medical history. It includes all of the illnesses and procedures I have had that warrant noting (using their correct medical names), outcomes for the surgeries related to my trigeminal neuralgia, and all the medications I have tried.

I am at a new doctors' office. The nurse comes out to greet me and I hand her my printout. She takes a quick look. “Who wrote this for you?” she asks.

“I did.” Who else would have written it?

She gives me a look that says, “Yeah sure.”

I recently saw a new pain specialist. He is a psychiatrist by training, but mainly sees patients to treat their pain, not as a therapist.

During our conversation I remark, “I think the pain is oculomotor,” referring to the third cranial nerve. I never think twice about using correct medical and anatomical terms when talking with a medical person. It gives us a common language.

And yet many doctors don't seem to like it. They ask, almost confrontationally: “Why do you talk like that?”

The psychiatrist’s training (I assume) made him more circumspect. “What is your background?” he asked. “You are very familiar with medical terminology and use it easily.”

He was the first doctor to ever ask it in that manner, the only one to ask anything about my background.

Had they asked, as he did, they would have learned I worked in hospitals for years as a candy striper and ER ward clerk. In those days I had pretensions towards medical school. The hospital where I worked was a teaching hospital and many of the residents loved to teach me, even allowing me to observe surgery. It would have been hard not to pick up the lingo.

So what is the difference? Why do doctors and nurses warmly welcome the information the cancer patient tenders via her thick file, while I am looked at askance?

And it is not just me. Time and again I hear from other pain patients or read in online support groups that a doctor or nurse wanted to know why a patient knew so much about their disorder and why they can speak intelligently about it.

I know why.  I think most of us do.  Because we are not children. We want to be seen and heard, to be partners in our medical care. We need to help the medical community understand: Ignorance is not bliss. And knowledge doesn't make us suspect.

Carol Jay Levy has lived with trigeminal neuralgia, a chronic facial pain disorder, for over 30 years. She is the author of “A Pained Life, A Chronic Pain Journey.” 

Carol is the moderator of the Facebook support group “Women in Pain Awareness.” Her blog “The Pained Life” can be found here.

The information in this column should not be considered as professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It is for informational purposes only and represent the author’s opinions alone. It does not inherently express or reflect the views, opinions and/or positions of Pain News Network.

Should You Record Your Medical Appointments?

By Barby Ingle, Columnist

My memory troubles started soon after developing Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy in 2002. “Brain fog” or “pain brain” is a common symptom of RSD, fibromyalgia and other chronic pain conditions. Our brains have trouble focusing on short term memories and storing them for easy recall.

Even now, in a semi-state of remission, I have trouble saying the right words at the right time or remembering if I have seen a movie before. To help my memory and keep appointments, I started keeping a “to do” list and using a color-coded calendar and a medication dispensing system. I also made a habit of recording phone calls and conversations with my healthcare providers.

I’m not alone. According to a recent JAMA article, about 15% of patients in the UK secretly record their medical visits, often using their smartphones. I have been recording since 2003, after I realized that my memory was weak and that I needed assistance to better comply with my care between appointments.

How many times have you hung up the phone and your spouse asked, “Who was that? What did they need?” Or they came home from work and asked, “What did the doctor say?” or “What did you do today?”

And you can’t answer.

Before you think, “Oh, Barby must have been high on her pain medication,” that for me is a big fat NOPE. It happened to me when I was not on any medications. It is a symptom of my medical condition, not a symptom of the medications I take. For some patients on other medications that may be a problem, but it only adds to the already challenged mind of someone with chronic pain or traumatic brain injuries. The worse the pain gets, the worse their memory gets.

While you're talking, you think, “Oh, this is important, I will remember this.” Yet, you don’t. You can’t recall what you had for breakfast or when you last took your medication, let alone the intricacies of a doctor appointment.

Studies show that recording medical appointments reduces malpractice claims and leads to better understanding from patients on what their care is and why. This leads to better patient compliance and engagement in their own health outcomes.

The University of Texas Medical Branch is promoting patient recording of their visits. They tell patients it is an open policy that is there to protect them and their providers. Check out the video they created: 

Is It Legal?

I live in a state where recording a conversation only has to be known by one party. But if you are in New York or California, you have to inform and get permission from all those who may be recorded in advance.

Sometimes I record in secrecy, but most times I have my husband or sister record the appointment -- and it is quite clear what they are doing. In 15 years of doing this, I have only had one doctor ever ask me to erase the recording. That was because he had other providers in the room examining me and he talked about proprietary information that didn’t have to do with my medical condition.

I know that when I am under stress or have high pain levels, I need to record or have someone take notes at the appointment or both. It’s hard to remember if you’re supposed to take a new medication twice a day before meals, on an empty stomach, or once in the morning and once at night. Appointment times are also getting shorter and more filled with new medical terms and information that is important for us to remember.

In general, a healthy person only remembers about 25% of a conversation as soon as it is over. If you have a stressful chronic condition, even remembering that much is almost impossible. So why not record for your own safety? With most smartphones, all you have to do is press record at the start of the appointment and then hit stop at the end.

You’ll be better engaged, have an accurate account of the appointment, and be able to refer back to it when you get home and someone asks, "What did the doctor say?"

Barby Ingle lives with reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), migralepsy and endometriosis. Barby is a chronic pain educator, patient advocate, and president of the International Pain FoundationShe is also a motivational speaker and best-selling author on pain topics.

More information about Barby can be found at her website. 

The information in this column should not be considered as professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It is for informational purposes only and represents the author’s opinions alone. It does not inherently express or reflect the views, opinions and/or positions of Pain News Network.

How to Prepare for a Scheduled Hospitalization

By Ellen Lenox Smith, Columnist

No one enjoys the experience of being admitted to the hospital. Indeed, hospitalization can provoke extreme anxiety, which does not contribute to successful outcomes in any medical procedure.

Proper preparation before you go to the hospital not only reduces stress, but enhances the probability of a successful medical experience and helps promote a smoother healing process – all of which lead to considerable benefits to the patient.

For example, while recently preparing for a revised neck fusion, I realized that eating would become an immediate issue because nutrition is so important for healing. I don’t want to rely solely on hospital food, so I am preparing meals that I puree and freeze for my husband to bring to the hospital that I can sip through a straw.

Here is a list of other things I plan on doing:

  • I plan to arrive with all of my compounded medications in their labeled containers, along with my regular pharmaceutical drugs, so I will not miss any scheduled doses.
  • I will bring my entire medical folder, which includes my name, address, insurance coverage, contact information for my primary care doctor, pharmacy and nurse case manager, a list of medications and dosages, a list of medications I am sensitive to, previous surgeries, and my diagnoses.
  • I will also include a list of Do’s and Don’ts to help keep the staff educated about Ehlers Danlos Syndrome and keep me safe when I might not be able to advocate for myself.
  • I will pack my supplements that I will take after the surgery, so my body is allowed to quickly return to the routine it is used to.
  • I will bring a special pillow that I sleep with that keeps my head in the correct position all night long (I use the Therapeutica Sleeping Pillow).
  • I will give to the staff my list of food sensitivities and request to meet with the hospital dietician in hopes of getting food delivered that I can metabolize.
  • I will pack t-shirts, loose flannel pants and warm socks so I can walk around the halls comfortably, instead of having to wear those lovely gowns you wake up from surgery in!
  • I will bring a small bag of toiletries I prefer to use, along with a comb, brush and a toothbrush since what they provide always seems to be so skimpy.
  • I will prepare a list of friends and family phone numbers for my husband/caregiver to contact after the surgery is completed.
  • I will bring my Living Will and any needed directives.
  • I will wear my medical alert bracelet and will ask that they please read what is on it!
  • I will bring my own BiPAP breathing machine, so I know I am sleeping with the correct readings. I’ll also have the doctor write down the exact setting in case the hospital decides to use their own machine.
  • I’ll bring things to do that are simple and peaceful that will help calm me, as well as items that will help re-stimulate the mind, such as Sudoku puzzles, adult coloring books and quiet music to listen to.
  • I will pack enough food for my service dog to cover a few weeks, in case we stay longer than expected. I will also make sure I have her list of shots and credentials proving she is a legal service dog.
  • With serious food sensitivities, I always pack snacks.
  • I will bring paper and pen to jot down things I want to remember to ask the doctor when he arrives in the room. It is not a time to count on one’s memory!
  • I will bring my cellphone and charger to keep connected to the world when back in a room.
  • I will bring a list of my passwords in case I need to use the internet.
  • I will contact my case manager nurse to alert her of the upcoming surgery, so she is able to help assist with in any snags that might come up and arrange for home healthcare when I’m discharged from the hospital.
  • Many of my surgeries are out-of-state, so I make sure my primary care provider clears me for surgery in writing and sends a copy to the hospital. I’ll also bring a hard copy with me, in case they don’t get it or it is misplaced.

Anything a patient can do to simplify the hospitalization is worthwhile! For those of us with complicated and rare medical conditions, we must be prepared to advocate for ourselves. I have found that, for the most part, hospital staff does appreciate enlightened input from patients on best practices and how to keep us safe from harm.

As effective patient advocates, we need to educate others not only for our own safety, but to benefit future patients with our condition.

Ellen Lenox Smith suffers from Ehlers Danlos syndrome and sarcoidosis. Ellen and her husband Stuart are co-directors for medical marijuana advocacy for the U.S. Pain Foundation and serve as board members for the Rhode Island Patient Advocacy Coalition.

For more information about medical marijuana, visit their website.

The information in this column should not be considered as professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. It is for informational purposes only and represents the author’s opinions alone. It does not inherently express or reflect the views, opinions and/or positions of Pain News Network.

Indiana Doctor Killed in Dispute Over Pain Meds

By Pat Anson, Editor

A gunman who fatally shot an Indiana doctor this week was upset because the physician refused to prescribe opioid pain medication to his wife, according to police.

Dr. Todd Graham was confronted Wednesday afternoon in the parking lot outside a South Bend medical center by 48-year Michael Jarvis. After a brief argument, Jarvis shot Graham twice in the head. Jarvis then drove to a friend’s house and killed himself, according to the South Bend Tribune.

An investigation later determined that Jarvis’ wife had an appointment with Graham Wednesday morning and the doctor declined to prescribe an opioid medication for her chronic pain.

“It was Dr. Graham’s opinion that chronic pain did not require prescription drugs,” St. Joseph County Prosecutor Ken Cotter said at a news conference Thursday. "He did what we ask our doctors to do. Don't over-prescribe opioids.”

DR. TODD GRAHAM

Michael Jarvis was present during his wife's appointment and argued with Graham. Jarvis eventually left, but returned in the afternoon with a gun and confronted the doctor outside the medical center.

"Make no mistake, this was a person who made a choice to kill Dr. Graham. This is not a fallout from any opioid epidemic or any opioid problems. That probably leads us into an examination of what is happening with the opioid problem in our community, and frankly, in our whole nation," said Cotter.

Cotter said Jarvis had a “confrontation” with Graham before Wednesday, but did not go into details.

"This was a very targeted attack," said Commander Tim Corbett of Saint Joseph County Metro Homicide. "I am a firm believer -- and I think Ken feels the same way -- that if Jarvis would have got inside that building, although there wouldn't have been any specific target, it's like trapping an animal in a corner: they're going to come out fighting. I truly believe this could have escalated into a mass shooting. I do believe that."

Mrs. Jarvis was apparently unaware of her husband’s plans.

"It was clear that she didn't know what he was doing. She's suffering as well," Cotter said.

The 56-year old Graham was married and had three children. His obituary can be seen here. Graham's wife learned of her husband’s death through social media, according to the South Bend Tribune.

Several of Graham’s patients left messages about him on the Tribune’s website.

“He was a very caring person. I am lost of words my heart is breaking for his wife and family,” wrote one patient.

“Dr. Graham has been my Dr. for 3 years. After 3 accidents, and surgeries he has helped me tremendously. My condolences to his wife. He will be missed,” wrote another.

The Indiana shooting was the third in recent months involving a pain patient and a doctor.

In June, a gunman shot and wounded two people at a Las Vegas pain clinic before taking his own life.  The shooter, who suffered from chronic back pain, had been denied pain medication during an unscheduled appointment.

In April, a disgruntled pain patient in Great Falls, Montana burned down a doctor's home, held the doctor's wife at gunpoint and killed himself during a standoff with police.

PROP Leads New Effort to Silence Pain Patients

By Pat Anson, Editor

Physicians for Responsible Opioid Prescribing (PROP) has joined in the lobbying effort to stop asking hospital patients about the quality of their pain care.

In a petition to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), PROP founder and Executive Director Andrew Kolodny calls on the agency to stop requiring hospitals to survey patients about their pain care because it encourages “aggressive opioid use.” PROP is funded and operated by Phoenix House, which runs a chain of addiction treatment centers, and Kolodny is its chief medical officer.

Medication is not the only way to manage pain and should not be over-emphasized. Setting unrealistic expectations for pain relief can lead to dissatisfaction with care even when best efforts have been made to resolve pain. Aggressive management of pain should not be equated with quality healthcare,” Kolodny wrote in the petition on PROP stationary, which is co-signed by dozens of addiction treatment specialists, healthcare officials, consumer advocates and PROP board members.

The same group signed a letter, also on PROP stationary, to The Joint Commission (TJC) that accredits hospitals and healthcare organizations, asking it to change its pain management standards.

“The Pain Management Standards foster dangerous pain control practices, the endpoint of which is often the inappropriate provision of opioids with disastrous adverse consequences for individuals, families and communities. To help stem the opioid addiction epidemic, we request that TJC reexamine these Standards immediately,” the letter states.

Medicare has a funding formula that requires hospitals to prove they provide good care through a patient satisfaction survey known as the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS).  The formula rewards hospitals that are rated highly by patients, while penalizing those that are not. 

The petition asks that these three questions be removed from the survey:

During this hospital stay, did you need medicine for pain?

During this hospital stay, how often was your pain well controlled?

During this hospital stay, how often did the hospital staff do everything they could to help you with your pain?

As Pain News Network has reported, 26 U.S. senators and the Americans College of Emergency Physicians have sent similar letters to Medicare asking that the pain questions by dropped from the survey. A recently introduced bill in the U.S. Senate called the PROP Act of 2016 would also amend the Social Security Act to remove "any assessments" of pain in hospitalized patients.

The PROP-led petition cites a 2013 study that found opioid pain medication was prescribed to over half of the non-surgical patients admitted to nearly 300 U.S. hospitals.

“Pain management is obviously an important part of patient care and we’ve always acknowledged that. But the problem here is that one should not have financial incentives and that’s essentially what happens through the CMS survey,” said Dr. Michael Carome of the consumer advocacy group Public Citizen, who co-signed the petition.

“The way the CMS survey and Joint Commission standards have driven the focus on pain has overemphasized its importance. We’re not saying don’t assess it at all, we’re saying the survey and standards have done more harm than good,” Carome told Pain News Network.

A top Medicare official recently wrote an article in JAMA defending the CMS survey.

"It has been alleged that, in pursuit of better patient responses and higher reimbursement, HCAHPS compels clinicians to prescribe prescription opioids. However, there is no empirical evidence that failing to prescribe opioids lowers a hospital’s HCAHPS scores," wrote Lemeneh Tefera, MD, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services. “Nothing in the survey suggests that opioids are a preferred way to control pain.”

Before joining Phoenix House in 2013, Kolodny was Chairman of Psychiatry at Maimonides Medical Center in New York City, a hospital that was given a one-star rating by patients in the CMS survey.   Only 61 percent of the patients said their pain was "always" well controlled at Maimonides and 11 percent said their pain was "sometimes" or "never" controlled. Only 59% of the patients said they would recommend Maimonides, compared to a national average for hospitals of 71 percent.

PROP has long been active in lobbying federal agencies to rein in the prescribing of opioids. It recently had some major successes in achieving its goals.

Five PROP board members helped draft the opioid prescribing guidelines released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which discourage primary care physicians from prescribing opioids for chronic pain. 

The Obama administration also recently asked Congress for over a billion dollars in additional funding to fight opioid abuse, with most of the money earmarked for addiction treatment programs such as those offered by Phoenix House, which operates a chain of addiction treatment clinics. A proposed rule would also double the number of patients that physicians can treat with buprenorphine, an addiction treatment drug. 

According to OpenSecrets, Phoenix House spent over a million dollars on lobbying from 2006-2012.  PROP calls itself “a program of the Phoenix House Foundation” on its website.     

PNN and the International Pain Foundation recently conducted a survey of over 1,250 pain patients and found that over half rated the quality of their pain treatment in hospitals as poor or very poor. Over 80 percent said hospital staffs are not adequately trained in pain management. Nine out of ten patients also said they should be asked about their pain care in hospital satisfaction surveys.